定语从句包括哪些从句【精品多篇】范文

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判断关系代词与关系副词 篇一

方法一： 用关系代词，还是关系副词完全取决于从句中的谓语动词。及物动词后面无宾语，就必须要求用关系代词；而不及物动词则要求用关系副词。例如：

This is the mountain village where I stayed last year.

I'll never forget the days when I worked together with you.

判断改错（注：先显示题，再显示答案，横线；用不同的颜色表示出。）

(错) This is the mountain village where I visited last year.

(错) I will never forget the days when I spent in the countryside.

（对) This is the mountain village (which） I visited last year.

（对) I'll never forget the days (which） I spent in the countryside.

习惯上总把表地点或时间的名词与关系副词 where, when联系在一起。此两题错在关系词的误用上。

方法二： 准确判断先行词在定语从句中的成分（主、谓、宾、定、状），也能正确选择出关系代词/关系副词。

例1. Is this museum ___ you visited a few days age?

A. where B. that C. on which D. the one

例2. Is this the museum ____ the exhibition was held.

A. where B. that C. on which D. the one

答案：例1 D，例2 A

例1变为肯定句： This museum is ___ you visited a few days ago.

例2变为肯定句： This is the museum ___ the exhibition was held.

在句1中，所缺部分为宾语，而wh www.baihua haoword.com wen.cn ere, that, on which都不能起到宾语的作用，只有the one既做了主句的表语，又可做从句的宾语，可以省略关系代词，所以应选D。

而句2中， 主、谓、宾俱全，从句部分为句子的状语表地点，既可用副词where，又因 in the museum词组，可用介词in + which 引导地点状语。而此题中，介词on 用的不对，所以选A。

关系词的选择依据在从句中所做的成分，先行词在从句中做主、定、宾语时，选择关系代词 (who, whom, that, which, whose)； 先行词在从句中做状语时，应选择关系副词 （ where 地点状语，when 时间状语，why 原因状语） 。

英语定语从句语法解析 篇二

1. 分隔定语从句。

先行词与定语从句之间有时也会插入别的成分，构成先行词与定语从句的隔离，这种从句叫分隔定语从句。例如：

This is the article written by him that I spoke to you about.

He was the only person in this country that was invited.

①因定语从句过长，为使句子保持平衡，常将定语从句和其所修饰的名词或代词分开。

The film brought the hours back to me when I was taken good care of in that faraway village.

②在定语从句中使用“插入语”以增加语言的灵活性。

The pen I thought I had lost is on my desk，right under my nose.

2. as 和 which 引导的定语从句。

① as 有“正如，就像”之意，在非限制性定语从句中充当主语、宾语或表语，从句可位于主句的前面、中间或后面，一般用逗号与主句隔开。

As we had expected，her performance was wonderful.

A panda， as we know，is a lovely animal.

Tom is the tallest in our class，as you know.

但 which 引导的非限制性定语从句一般只能放在主句之后。例如：

The result of the experiment was very good，which we hadn’t expected.

②在主谓宾结构的非限制性定语从句中，which 和 as 作宾语时可互换使用。

He was an Englishman，which / as I knew from his accent.

作主语时通常用 which ，而不用 as 。但在“主语 +be+done ”结构中，as 作主语。例如：

He passed the examination，as was known.

③ as 引导非限制性定语从句时，通常用在表示肯定意义的从句中，而不能用在表示否定意义的从句中； which 则不受此限制。例如：

Mummy treats me just as a baby，which （不用 as ） I can’t bear.

She married again，which （不用 as ）was unexpected.

④在宾补结构的非限制性定语从句中，作主语或宾语时，宜用 which ，而不用 as 。例如：

He believed in God，which （不用 as ） I find strange.

He changed his mind，which （不用 as ） made me very angry.

⑤定语从句中动词若为表示知觉的词，如 see ，expect ，say ，know 等时，用 as 而不用 which 。

As we expected / know， Xiao Ming took the first place in the game.

⑥ as 引导的定语从句与 it 作形式主语的主语从句和以 what 引导的主语从句的区别。试比较：

As is known to everybody，the moon travels round the earth once every month.

It is known to everybody that the moon travels round the earth once every month.

What is known to everybody is that the moon travels round the earth once every month.

3. 定语从句与并列句的识别。

定语从句与主句之间要用“逗号”分隔，并且不能加入 and ， but ， so 等连接词。并列句一般由 and ， but ， so 等词连接，或中间用“分号”隔开。例如：

He paid the boy $10 for washing the windows，most of which hadn’t been cleaned for at least a year. （定语从句）

He paid the boy $10 for washing the windows，and most of them hadn’t been cleaned for at least a year. （并列句）

He paid the boy $10 for washing the windows；most of them hadn’t been cleaned for at least a year. （并列句）

Recently I bought an ancient Chinese vase，the price of which was reasonable. （定语从句）

Recently I bought an ancient Chinese vase；the price of it was reasonable. （并列句）

John’s parents kept telling him that he should work hard，but it didn’t help. （并列句）

4. that 引导的定语从句与结果状语从句的区别。

This is so interesting a book that all of us want to read it. （ so …… that 引导的结果状语从句）

This is so interesting a book as all of us want to read. （ as 引导的定语从句）

通过以上两个例句不难看出， so …… that 引导结果状语从句，而定语从句中先行词前有 so ， such ， the same 修饰时，常用“ as ”来引导定语从句。

5. 定语从句与同位语从句的区别。

同位语从句是位于名词 answer ， belief ， doubt ， decision ， explanation ， fact ， hope ， idea ， information ， news ， order ， problem ， promise ， truth 等后的句子，并对这些句词进行补充说明或解释；从句一般是一个完整的句子，引导词 that 只起引导作用，不作句子成分，且 that 不可省略；同位语从句不可用 which 引导。而定语从句通常是一不完整的句子，缺少主语或宾语等。作宾语时， that 可省略。

The fact that she hasn’t known the result of the examination is clear. （同位语从句）

The fact （that / which） she told me yesterday is very important. （定语从句）

「巩固性练习」

1、_________ is mentioned above， the number of the students in senior high school is increasing.

A. As B. It C. That D. What

2、Now Children like to go to the fast food restaurant， _________ as the name says， eating doesn’t take much time.

A. which B. that C. what D. where

3、Sometimes the earthquake is so violent that it can destroy the whole city， _________ happened in Tang Shan in 1976.

A. as B. that C. where D. like

4、Recently my father bought a Chinese painting， _________ was very reasonable.

A. the price of it B. which price

C. the price of which D. its price

5、We will be shown around the city： schools， museums， and some other places， _________ other visitors seldom go.

A. what B. which C. where D. when

6、We were next-door neighbors for three years， during ________ time we met only twice.

A. which B. this C. in which D. same

7、Living in the central Australia desert has its problems， _________ getting water is not the least.

A. as B. for what C. of which D. for what

8、We should do more such exercises in the future， I think， ________ those we did yesterday.

A. as B. which C. that D. it

9、Gone are the days _________ we spent together in the village.

A. that B. when C. in which D. on which

10、He failed his exam， _________ proves that he wasn’t working hard enough.

A. as B. which C. that D. A and B

11、He must be from Africa， _________ can be seen from his skin.

A. that B. as C. who D. what

「参考答案」

1、A 2. D 3. A 4. C 5. C 6. A

7、C 8. A 9. A 10. D 11. B

定语从句归纳及用法 篇三

I 关系代词引导的定语从句

关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词，并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分，英语定语从句知识和用法概述。关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。

1）who, whom, that

这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词，在从句中作主语和宾语。例如：

Is he the man who/that wants to see you? 他就是你想见的人吗？（who/that在从句中作主语）

He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday. 他就是我昨天见的那个人。（whom/that在从句中作宾语）

2） whose 用来指人或物，（只用作定语， 若指物，它还可以同of which互换）。例如：

They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down. 那人车坏了，大家都跑过去帮忙。

Please pass me the book whose （of which） cover is green. 请递给我那本绿皮的书。

3）which, that所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等。例如：

A prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside.

农村出现了前所未有的繁荣。（which / that在句中作宾语）

The package （which / that）you are carrying is about to come unwrapped. 你拿的包快散了。（which / that在句中作宾语）

II. 关系副词引导的定语从句

关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词，在从句中作状语。

1）关系副词when, where, why的含义相当于“介词+ which”结构，因此常常和“介词+ which”结构交替使用。例如：

There are occasions when （on which） one must yield. 任何人都有不得不屈服的时候。

Beijing is the place where（in which） I was born. 北京是我的出生地。

Is this the reason why （for which） he refused our offer? 这就是他拒绝我们帮助他的理由吗？

2）that代替关系副词，可以用于表示时间、地点、方式、理由的名词后取代when, where, why和“介词+ which”引导的定语从句，在口语中that常被省略。例如：

His father died the year （that / when / in which） he was born. 他父亲在他出生那年逝世了。

He is unlikely to find the place （that / where / in which） he lived forty years ago. 他不大可能找到他四十年前居住过的地方。

III.判断关系代词与关系副词

方法一： 用关系代词，还是关系副词完全取决于从句中的谓语动词。及物动词后面无宾语，就必须要求用关系代词；而不及物动词则要求用关系副词。例如：

This is the mountain village where I stayed last year. 这是我去年呆过的山村。

I'll never forget the days when I worked together with you.我永远不会忘记与你共事的日子。

判断改错：

（错） This is the mountain village where I visited last year.

（错） I will never forget the days when I spent in the countryside.

（对） This is the mountain village （which） I visited last year.

（对） I'll never forget the days （which） I spent in the countryside.

习惯上总把表地点或时间的名词与关系副词 where, when联系在一起。此两题错在关系词的误用上。

方法二： 准确判断先行词在定语从句中的成分（主、谓、宾、定、状），也能正确选择出关系代词/关系副词。

例1. Is this museum ___ you visited a few days age?

A. where B. that C. on which D. the one

例2. Is this the museum ____ the exhibition was held.

A. where B. that C. on which D. the one

答案：例1 D，例2 A

例1变为肯定句： This museum is ___ you visited a few days ago.

例2变为肯定句： This is the museum ___ the exhibition was held.

在句1中，所缺部分为宾语，而where, that, on which都不能起到宾语的作用，只有the one既做了主句的表语，又可做从句的宾语，可以省略关系代词，所以应选D，英语语法《英语定语从句知识和用法概述》。

而句2中， 主、谓、宾俱全，从句部分为句子的状语表地点，既可用副词where，又因 in the museum词组，可用介词in + which 引导地点状语。而此题中，介词on 用的不对，所以选A。

关系词的选择依据在从句中所做的成分，先行词在从句中做主、定、宾语时，选择关系代词（who, whom, that, which, whose）； 先行词在从句中做状语时，应选择关系副词 （ where 地点状语，when 时间状语，why 原因状语） 。

IV. 限制性和非限制性定语从句

1） 定语从句有限制性和非限制性两种。限制性定语从句是先行词不可缺少的部分，去掉它主句意思往往不明确；非限制性定语从句是先行词的附加说明，去掉了也不会影响主句的意思，它与主句之间通常用逗号分开。例如：

This is the house which we bought last month. 这是我们上个月买的那幢房子。（限制性）

The house, which we bought last month, is very nice.这幢房子很漂亮，是我们上个月买的。（非限制性）

2） 当先行词是专有名词或物主代词和指示代词所修饰时，其后的定语从句通常是非限制性的。例如：

Charles Smith, who was my former teacher, retired last year. 查理？史密斯去年退休了，他曾经是我的老师。

My house, which I bought last year, has got a lovely garden. 我去年买的'的那幢房子带着个漂亮的花园。

This novel, which I have read three times, is very touching. 这本小说很动人，我已经读了三遍。

3） 非限制性定语从句还能将整个主句作为先行词， 对其进行修饰， 这时从句谓语动词要用第三人称单数。例如：

He seems not to have grasped what I meant, which greatly upsets me. 他似乎没抓住我的意思，这使我心烦。

Liquid water changes to vapor, which is called evaporation. 液态水变为蒸汽，这就叫做蒸发。

说明：关系代词that和关系副词why不能引导非限制性定语从句。

V. 介词+关系词

1）介词后面的关系词不能省略。

2）that前不能有介词。

3）某些在从句中充当时间，地点或原因状语的“介词+关系词”结构可以同关系副词when 和where 互换。例如：

This is the house in which I lived two years ago. 这是我两年前住过的房子。

This is the house where I lived two years ago.

Do you remember the day on which you joined our club? 还记得你加入我们俱乐部的那一天吗？

Do you remember the day when you joined our club?

VI. as, which 非限定性定语从句

由as, which 引导的非限定性定语从句，as和which可代整个主句，相当于and this或and that。As一般放在句首，which在句中。例如：

As we know, smoking is harmful to one's health. 如我们所知，吸烟有害健康。

The sun heats the earth, which is very important to us. 太阳使地球暖起来，这对我们人类很重要。

典型例题

1）Alice received an invitation from her boss, ___came as a surprise.

A. it B. that C. which D. he

答案C. 此为非限定性从句，不能用 that修饰，而用which.，it 和he 都使后

句成为句子，两个独立的句子不能单以逗号连接。况且选he句意不通。

2）The weather turned out to be very good, ___ was more than we could expect.

A. what B. which C. that D. it

答案B。which可代替句子，用于非限定性定语从句，而what不可。That 不能用于非限定性定语从句，it不为连词，使由逗号连接的两个句子并在一起在英语语法上行不通。

3）It rained hard yesterday, ____ prevented me from going to the park.。

A. that B. which C. as D. it

答案B. as 和which在引导非限制性定语从句时，这两个关系代词都指主句所表达的整个意思，且在定语从句中都可以作主语和宾语。但不同之处主要有两点：

（1）as 引导的定语从句可置于句首，而which不可。

（2） as 代表前面的整个主句并在从句中作主语时，从句中的谓语必须是系动词；若为行为动词，则从句中的关系代词只能用which.。在本题中，prevent由于是行为动词，所以正确选项应为B。

as 的用法

例1. the same…as；such…as 中的as 是一种固定结构， 和……一样……。例如：

I have got into the same trouble as he （has）。 我碰到了跟他一样的麻烦。

例2. as可引导非限制性从句，常带有'正如'。例如：

As we know, smoking is harmful to one's health. 如我们所知，吸烟有害健康。

As is known, smoking is harmful to one's health.

As是关系代词。例1中的as作know的宾语；例2中，它充当从句的主语，谓语动词know要用被动式。

VII. 先行词和关系词二合一

1） Whoever spits in public will be punished here. （Whoever 可以用 anyone who 代替）

介词+关系词 篇四

1)介词后面的关系词不能省略。

2)that前不能有介词。

3) 某些在从句中充当时间，地点或原因状语的“介词+关系词”结构可以同关系副词when 和where 互换。

This is the house in which I lived two years ago.

This is the house where I lived two years ago.

Do you remember the day on which you joined our club?

Do you remember the day when you joined our club?

什么叫做定语从句 篇五

1. think it + adj + that

在讲今天的语法之前，我们回顾一下平时同学们在写作以及阅读中可能比较疑惑的例句：

I think it important that you tell your mother the truth.

疑惑之处在于，it后面为什么没有is?

例句采用了这样的句型：“think it + adj”。此处，it为形式宾语，that引导的宾语从句才是真实宾语，而important是宾语补足语。所以，it是形式宾语而不是主语，不需要加be动词。

一般情况下，各位更熟悉的句型是：“I think (that) it is important that.。. ”；这两者都是正确的，注意区分和辨别。

感兴趣的同学还可以去这个网站看看：English Language & Usage。它给出了以下几个类似的例句：

e.g. We do not think it necessary to go.

e.g. Some people do not think it important to be thrifty.

2. 定语从句中的that

定语从句中比较容易处理方面是，定语从句中“that”多可省略，表现为关系代词作宾语的情况：

e.g. He must be the man (that) you have been looking for.

此处，man作looking for的宾语。

至于不可省略的that，这里小编只举两例，算是比较常用的规则哦：

（1）紧接着上面阐述，除了关系代词作宾语的情况外，其余时候多不能省略that。比如小编给各位找来一个作主语的例子，各位可以举一反三：

e.g. All that glitters is not gold.（发光的未必都是金子。）

此处，that指代主语，不可以省略。

（2）我们都知道that引导定语从句，可指人也可指物，算是兼有“who”和“which”的作用；但当定语从句修饰的先行词既有人又有物时，那么就只能用that且不可省略了。

e.g. I still remember the things and persons that I met when I traveled to Tibet.

接下来再给各位同学出一道题检验一下今天学习的知识点到底掌握了没有，题目如下：

This is the fastest train that there is to Beijing.

上句话中的that是否可以省略？

A. yes

B. no

答案：A、可以省略。

（1）首先我们来判断一下此处that引导的从句在句子中是什么成分：

This is the fastest train that there is to Beijing 。

由于there be句型的特殊性，并不是跟在be动词后面的就一定是宾语，there be句型本身就是一个倒装。这种句型之所以要用there作引导词，而把主语置于动词之后，是为了使主语成为信息中心，以达到引出新话题的目的。上述例句中的train是定语从句中的主语成分。

（2）认真学习的同学肯定还记得上期小编总结了一句“定语从句中that多可省略，表现为关系代词作宾语的情况”，因此各位就倾向于记住宾语之外的成分都不可以省略that，但there be结构却是特例。具体语法点为：在there be结构中出现定语从句，或在定语从句中出现there be时，用作主语的关系代词也可省略。

（3）因此，上述例句中的train虽作从句的主语成分，但由于there be结构的特殊性，that仍旧可以省略。此处特例建立在固定结构的用法基础上，也算是有规律可循的特例了。

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