英语语法的详细讲解分析多篇范文
【引言】英语语法的详细讲解分析多篇为好范文网的会员投稿推荐,但愿对你的学习工作带来帮助。
英语语法讲解:名词的数 篇一
1、名词的可数和不可数:
与汉语不同,英语中名词要区分可数与不可数。
笼统地讲,物质名词,如:water(水), iron(铁), wood(木头)等, 和抽象名词,如:democracy(民主), freedom(自由), happiness(幸福)等为不可数。
不可数名词前不能加a (an),后面不能加s (es),这是考试中对此类题目判断的重要依据。
2、以下名词为不可数名词:
news(消息) information(信息)
furniture (家具) equipment(设备)
advice (劝告) weather(天气)
work*(工作) clothing(衣服)
baggage(行李)
work作 “工作” 解释时为不可数名词,“找工作”不能说to find a work, 应为to find a job; work作“著作”、“作品”解时是可数名词,如:Deng Xiaopin's works (邓小平著作)/ a work about Deng Xiaopin (一件关于邓小平的作品);作 “工厂” 解释时,单复数同形:a steel works (一个钢铁厂) / two chemical works(两家化工厂)
实例:
We have a large staff but there ______ in the office.
A. haven't many furnitures
B. aren't many furnitures
C. hasn't much furniture
D. isn't enough furniture
解题思路:根据名词数的概念A、B肯定错,不必考虑;C、D的主要差异是“hasn't”与 “isn't”, 句子中有there,说明该句是there be句型,故正确答案为D.题中staff, office 等词与解题无关。
注意辨别句子中斜体词的数及其意义:
There is still much room for improvement. (仍有许多改进的余地)
He has published two important papers on this subject. (他在这个课题上已发表了两篇重要论文。)
3、以下名词单复数同形:
means(手段) headquarters(司令部)
works(工厂) species(物种)
aircraft(飞机) Chinese(中国人)
sheep(羊) fish(鱼)
中国的计量单位:li(里), yuan(元), mu(亩)等
实例:
Every means has been tried out, but without satisfactory results. (每个方法都试过了,但结果不令人满意。)
4、形式上是复数的学科名称,如physics , statistics, dynamics 作单数看待;时间、距离、钞票、重量等复数,可以看作一个整体作单数处理,如:Two days is not enough for me to finish the task. (要我完成此项任务两天是不够的。)
英语语法讲解:量词的使用 篇二
由于英语中名词分可数与不可数,量词的使用也有区别:
修饰可数名词
(a) few / fewer / fewest
many / more / most
a great (good) many
many a
a number of
the number of
既可修饰可数名词 也可修饰不可数名词
a lot of / lots of
plenty of (time, money, people)
修饰不可数名词
(a) little / less / least
much / more / most
a great (good) deal of
an amount of / amounts of
the amount of
量词使用中应注意的几个问题:
1) 分清可数名词和不可数名词是前提;
2) 不要把量词的形式搞混淆了:下面哪个表达形式是对的?
A. A lot students have come back from the summer holiday.
B. A few of the students have come back from the summer holiday.
C. A great many of students have come back from the summer holiday.
D. Many a student has have come back from the summer holiday.
E. The number of students have come back from the summer holiday.
F. A number of students have come back from the summer holiday.
以上六个表达方式中只有F 是对的。为什么?
A. a lot students → a lot of students
B. a few of the students → a few students
C. a great many of students → a great many students
D. Many a student has come back from the summer holiday.
E. The number of 表示数目,如:The number of the students in our class is 50.
A number of 表示“一些”,“不少”,认真对比一下,看出问题来了吗?
问多少钱、多少重量时用:How much…?问距离时用:How far is it from…to…?
英语语法讲解:词类 篇三
英语中主要有:名词、动词、形容词、副词、介词、连接词、冠词等。对于初学者,必须搞清。
1、名词(包括代词和数词):在句子中作主语、宾语、表语和另一名词的形容词。
2、动词:见第二讲
3、形容词:可在句子中作表语阿、名词的定语
注意: 以下-ly结尾的词不是副词,是形容词: friendly (友好的) lovely(可爱的) deadly(致命的) costly(昂贵的) likely(可能的) lonely(孤独的) alone (单独的) lively(活泼的) ugly(丑陋的) kindly(和蔼的) manly(男子气的)等
4、副词:主要用来说明动词、形容词和副词本身。
注意:除了in, up, down, on, inside, outside. 等只有一些表示方向和位置的副词外,副词不能作表语。
例如:Please help me water these flowers when I am out. (我不在时请帮我浇浇花。)
5、介词:又称前置词,即放在名词前面的“小词”。
注意:
1)介词后面一定是个名词(除习惯外),例如不能说:because of ill,而应该为:because of illness;
2)介词后面不能跟that从句,即只能跟名词或带-wh开头的从句,这是英语语法的一条重要规则,如不能说:He did not come to the party because of he was ill. 但可以是:She got angry because of what he said. (她因他的话而生气了。)
6、连接词:用来连接两个或两个以上词或句子的词。
注意:英语中一般不能同时使用两个连接词,如不能说:Although he is very rich, but he is not happy. (只要将although 或but去掉一个即可)
关于连接词的使用,详见“第三讲:句子的连接”一节。
7、冠词:用来限定名词的词,分不定冠词a (an) 和定冠词 the, 英语中的冠词使用十分复杂,简单地说:
1) 不可数名词前不能用a (an)
2) 第一次提到的单数可数名词用a (n)
3) 能用what, who, which回答的名词用the,即3W原则
the teacher and the student / the patient and the doctor结构中的the可以表示泛指
词性不是一成不变的,是由其在句子中的位子和功能决定的。
如:She has gone home. (home为副词)
Is she at home? (home 为名词)
She looked at me patiently. (look为行为动词) She looked pale. (look为连系动词)
你也可以在好范文网搜索更多本站小编为你整理的其他英语语法的详细讲解分析多篇范文。